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The Structure of GO can be described In terms Of a graph, where Each GO term Is a node, And the relationships between the terms are edges between the nodes. GO Is loosely hierarchical, With 'child' terms being more specialized than their 'parent' terms, but unlike a strict hierarchy, a term may have more than one parent term (note that the parent/child model does not hold true for all types of relation)
(功能定义,term相当于一个节点，节点之间的继承关系是非严格的，即某一个子节点可能会有多个父节点)
00 Remarks
The following Is a GO term taken from the OBO format file.
id: GO : 0016049
name: cell growth
Namespace: biological_process
def: "The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present." [GOC:ai]
subset: goslim_generic
subset: goslim_plant
subset: gosubset_prok
synonym: "cell expansion" RELATED []
synonym: "cellular growth" EXACT []
synonym: "growth of cell" EXACT []
is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process
is_a: GO:0040007 ! growth
relationship: part_of GO : 0008361 ! regulation of cell size01 Syntax
02 Properties
| Name | Overloads | Summary |
|---|---|---|
| def | 1 | A textual description of what the term represents, plus reference(s) to the source of the information. |
| synonym | 1 | Alternative words or phrases closely related in meaning to the term name, with indication of the relationship between the name and synonym given by the synonym scope. |
| xref | 1 | Database cross-references, or dbxrefs, refer to identical or very similar objects in other databases. |
| subset | 1 | Indicates that the term belongs to a designated subset of terms, e.g. |
| relationship | 1 | One or more links that capture how the term relates to other terms in the ontology. |
03 Members
A textual description of what the term represents, plus reference(s) to the source of the information. All new terms added to the ontology must have a definition; there remains a very small set of terms from the original ontology that lack definitions, but the vast majority of terms are defined.
Alternative words or phrases closely related in meaning to the term name, with indication of the relationship between the name and synonym given by the synonym scope. The scopes for GO synonyms are:
Custom synonym types are also used In the ontology. For example, a number Of synonyms are designated As systematic synonyms; synonyms Of this type are exact synonyms Of the term name.
Database cross-references, or dbxrefs, refer to identical or very similar objects in other databases. For instance, the molecular function term retinal isomerase activity is cross-referenced with the Enzyme Commission entry EC:5.2.1.3; the biological process term sulfate assimilation has the cross-reference MetaCyc:PWY-781.
Indicates that the term belongs to a designated subset of terms, e.g. one of the GO slims.
One or more links that capture how the term relates to other terms in the ontology. All terms (other than the root terms representing each namespace, above) have an is a sub-class relationship to another term; for example, GO:0015758 : glucose transport is a GO:0015749 : monosaccharide transport. The Gene Ontology employs a number of other relations, including part of (e.g. GO:0031966 : mitochondrial membrane part of GO:0005740 : mitochondrial envelope) and regulates (e.g. GO:0006916 : anti-apoptosis regulates GO:0012501 : programmed cell death). The relations documentation has more information on the relations used in the ontology.